![]() In addition, the DLS instrument measures the average intensity of scattered light for each sample which increases with the amount of water content (W 0). The diameter (d RM) is calculated by determining the diffusion coefficient of each micelle using the DLS instrument. ![]() ![]() The size of these molecular aggregates increases as more water is added to the surfactant. The purpose of the experiment is to use dynamic light scattering as a technique to find the size of Triton X-100 reverse micelles which vary based on the amount of water in each micelle. For the various solutions made, the diameter of the micelle ranges from 10-25 nm and the diameter of the water dropletranges from 3-12 nm. As more water is added, the size of the reverse micelle increases which increases the scattering of the light from the laser. These solutions are made using the surfactant Triton X-100 in cyclohexane and varying amounts of water. Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.Dynamic light scattering is used to measure the size of a reverse micelle by determining the diffusion coefficient and average intensity of scattered light of various solutions. Permission is not required) please go to the Copyright If you want to reproduce the wholeĪrticle in a third-party commercial publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figuresĪnd diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. Provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission Please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page. To request permission to reproduce material from this article in a commercial publication, Provided that the correct acknowledgement is given and it is not used for commercial purposes. This article in other publications, without requesting further permission from the RSC, Finally, we conclude that our results indicate that the Stokes–Einstein relation is preserved for diffusion of probes in supercooled water T ≥ 260 K with size as small as ≈1 nm.Įxploring the validity of the Stokes–Einstein relation in supercooled water using nanomolecular probesĬreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence. Analysis of the diffusion coefficient further indicates that the probes, independent of their size, experience similar dynamic environment, which coincides with the macroscopic viscosity, while single water molecules effectively experience a comparatively lower viscosity. We find that all the studied probes, independent of size, display similar diffusive dynamics with an Arrhenius activation energy of ≈23 kJ mol −1. We capture the diffusive dynamics of the probes using dynamic light scattering and target dynamics at different length scales by varying the probe size, from ≈100 nm silica spheres to molecular-sized polyhydroxylated fullerenes (≈1 nm). Here, we explore the validity of the Stokes–Einstein relation in supercooled water using nanomolecular probes. It is hypothesized that these anomalies manifest due to the appearance of nanometer-scale spatial fluctuations, which become increasingly pronounced in the supercooled regime. ![]() The breakdown of Stokes–Einstein relation in liquid water is one of the many anomalies that take place upon cooling and indicates the decoupling of diffusion and viscosity. ![]()
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